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Nd doped
phosphate laser glasses

BBO Pockels Cell
Q-Switches

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Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) Crystals

LiNbO3(Lithium Niobate) crystal has high mechanical and chemical stability, good physical properties, wide transparency range as well as high optical homogeneity. LiNbO3 crystal is widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1mm and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1064 nm. Due to its large electro-optic and acousto-optic coefficients, LiNbO3crystal is the most commonly used material for Pockels Cells, Q-switches and phase modulators, waveguide substrate, and surface acoustic wave(SAW) wafers, etc.  High quality and large size LiNbO3 crystals, waveguide substrate and SAW wafers are available. MgO:LiNbO3 (Magnesium Oxide Doped  Lithium Niobate) crystal has similar effective nonlinear coefficients to pure LiNbO3 and exhibits higher optical  damage threshold. 
 
Physical and optical Properties:
Crystal Structure Trigonal,Point group 3m,Space group R
Cell Parameters a = 0.515, c = 13.863, Z = 6
Melting Point 1255 +/-5 oC
Curie Point 1140 +/- 5 oC
Mohs hardness 5
Optical Homogeneity ~5x10-5 /cm
Density 4.64 g/cm3
Absorption Coefficient ~0.1%/cm @ 1064 nm
Relative Dielectric Constant eT11/e0:85   eT33/e0:29.5
Thermal Expansion coef. (at 25 oC) //a, 2.0x10-6 /K, //c, 16.7x10-6 /K
Thermal Conductivity 38 W /m /K at 25 oC>
Thermal Optical Coefficient dno/dT=-0.874 x 10-6 /K at 1400 nm
dne/dT=39.073 x 10-6 /K at 1400 nm
Refractive indices at 1064nm

ne= 2.146, no = 2.220 @ 1300 nm 

ne = 2.156, no = 2.232 @ 1064 nm 

ne = 2.203, no = 2.286 @ 632.8 nm
Transparency Range 420 - 5200 nm
Sellmeier equations ( I in mm)

no2 = 4.9048 + 0.11768/(I 2-0.04750)-0.027169I2  

ne2 = 4.5820 + 0.099169/(I2-0.04443)-0.021950I2
NLO Coefficients d33 = 34.4 pm/V,d31 = d15 = 5.95 pm/V, d22 = 3.07 pm/V
Electro-Optic Coefficients

gT33 = 33 pm / V, gS33 = 31 pm/V,

gT31 =10 pm/V, gS31 = 86 pm/V

gT22 = 6.8 pm/V, gS22 = 3.4 pm/V
Damage Threshold 100 MW/cm2 (10 ns, 1064nm
Effective NLO coefficients

deff =5.7 pm/V or ~14.6 x d36 (KDP) for frequency doubling 1300 nm;

deff =5.3 pm/V or ~13.6 x d36 (KDP) for OPO pumped at 1064 nm;

deff =17.6 pm/V or ~45 x d36 (KDP) for quasi-phase-matched structure.
 

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